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use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
use garage_util::data::*;
/// Conflict-free replicated data type (CRDT)
///
/// CRDT are a type of data structures that do not require coordination.
/// In other words, we can edit them in parallel, we will always
/// find a way to merge it.
///
/// A general example is a counter. Its initial value is 0.
/// Alice and Bob get a copy of the counter.
/// Alice does +1 on her copy, she reads 1.
/// Bob does +3 on his copy, he reads 3.
/// Now, it is easy to merge their counters, order does not count:
/// we always get 4.
///
/// Learn more about CRDT [on Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conflict-free_replicated_data_type)
pub trait CRDT {
/// Merge the two datastructures according to the CRDT rules
///
/// # Arguments
///
/// * `other` - the other copy of the CRDT
fn merge(&mut self, other: &Self);
}
impl<T> CRDT for T
where
T: Ord + Clone,
{
fn merge(&mut self, other: &Self) {
if other > self {
*self = other.clone();
}
}
}
// ---- LWW Register ----
/// Last Write Win (LWW)
///
/// LWW is based on time, the most recent write wins.
/// As multiple computers clocks are always desynchronized,
/// when operations are close enough, it is equivalent to
/// take one copy and drop the other one.
///
/// Given that clocks are not too desynchronized, this assumption
/// is enough for most cases, as there is few chance that two humans
/// coordonate themself faster than the time difference between two NTP servers.
///
/// As a more concret example, let's suppose you want to upload a file
/// with the same key (path) in the same bucket at the very same time.
/// For each request, the file will be timestamped by the receiving server
/// and may differ from what you observed with your atomic clock!
///
/// This scheme is used by AWS S3 or Soundcloud and often without knowing
/// in entreprise when reconciliating databases with ad-hoc scripts.
#[derive(Clone, Debug, Serialize, Deserialize, PartialEq)]
pub struct LWW<T> {
ts: u64,
v: T,
}
impl<T> LWW<T>
where
T: CRDT,
{
/// Creates a new CRDT
///
/// CRDT's internal timestamp is set with current node's clock.
pub fn new(value: T) -> Self {
Self {
ts: now_msec(),
v: value,
}
}
/// Build a new CRDT from a previous non-compatible one
///
/// Compared to new, the CRDT's timestamp is not set to now
/// but must be set to the previous, non-compatible, CRDT's timestamp.
pub fn migrate_from_raw(ts: u64, value: T) -> Self {
Self { ts, v: value }
}
/// Update the LWW CRDT while keeping some causal ordering.
pub fn update(&mut self, new_value: T) {
self.ts = std::cmp::max(self.ts + 1, now_msec());
self.v = new_value;
}
/// Get the CRDT value
pub fn get(&self) -> &T {
&self.v
}
/// Get a mutable value for the CRDT
pub fn get_mut(&mut self) -> &mut T {
&mut self.v
}
}
impl<T> CRDT for LWW<T>
where
T: Clone + CRDT,
{
fn merge(&mut self, other: &Self) {
if other.ts > self.ts {
self.ts = other.ts;
self.v = other.v.clone();
} else if other.ts == self.ts {
self.v.merge(&other.v);
}
}
}
/// Boolean
///
/// with True as absorbing state
#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, Serialize, Deserialize, PartialEq)]
pub struct Bool(bool);
impl Bool {
pub fn new(b: bool) -> Self {
Self(b)
}
pub fn set(&mut self) {
self.0 = true;
}
pub fn get(&self) -> bool {
self.0
}
}
impl CRDT for Bool {
fn merge(&mut self, other: &Self) {
self.0 = self.0 || other.0;
}
}
/// Last Write Win Map
///
///
#[derive(Clone, Debug, Serialize, Deserialize, PartialEq)]
pub struct LWWMap<K, V> {
vals: Vec<(K, u64, V)>,
}
impl<K, V> LWWMap<K, V>
where
K: Ord,
V: CRDT,
{
pub fn new() -> Self {
Self { vals: vec![] }
}
pub fn migrate_from_raw_item(k: K, ts: u64, v: V) -> Self {
Self {
vals: vec![(k, ts, v)],
}
}
pub fn take_and_clear(&mut self) -> Self {
let vals = std::mem::replace(&mut self.vals, vec![]);
Self { vals }
}
pub fn clear(&mut self) {
self.vals.clear();
}
pub fn update_mutator(&self, k: K, new_v: V) -> Self {
let new_vals = match self.vals.binary_search_by(|(k2, _, _)| k2.cmp(&k)) {
Ok(i) => {
let (_, old_ts, _) = self.vals[i];
let new_ts = std::cmp::max(old_ts + 1, now_msec());
vec![(k, new_ts, new_v)]
}
Err(_) => vec![(k, now_msec(), new_v)],
};
Self { vals: new_vals }
}
pub fn get(&self, k: &K) -> Option<&V> {
match self.vals.binary_search_by(|(k2, _, _)| k2.cmp(&k)) {
Ok(i) => Some(&self.vals[i].2),
Err(_) => None,
}
}
pub fn items(&self) -> &[(K, u64, V)] {
&self.vals[..]
}
}
impl<K, V> CRDT for LWWMap<K, V>
where
K: Clone + Ord,
V: Clone + CRDT,
{
fn merge(&mut self, other: &Self) {
for (k, ts2, v2) in other.vals.iter() {
match self.vals.binary_search_by(|(k2, _, _)| k2.cmp(&k)) {
Ok(i) => {
let (_, ts1, _v1) = &self.vals[i];
if ts2 > ts1 {
self.vals[i].1 = *ts2;
self.vals[i].2 = v2.clone();
} else if ts1 == ts2 {
self.vals[i].2.merge(&v2);
}
}
Err(i) => {
self.vals.insert(i, (k.clone(), *ts2, v2.clone()));
}
}
}
}
}
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