First implementation of K2V (#293)

**Specification:**

View spec at [this URL](https://git.deuxfleurs.fr/Deuxfleurs/garage/src/branch/k2v/doc/drafts/k2v-spec.md)

- [x] Specify the structure of K2V triples
- [x] Specify the DVVS format used for causality detection
- [x] Specify the K2V index (just a counter of number of values per partition key)
- [x] Specify single-item endpoints: ReadItem, InsertItem, DeleteItem
- [x] Specify index endpoint: ReadIndex
- [x] Specify multi-item endpoints: InsertBatch, ReadBatch, DeleteBatch
- [x] Move to JSON objects instead of tuples
- [x] Specify endpoints for polling for updates on single values (PollItem)

**Implementation:**

- [x] Table for K2V items, causal contexts
- [x] Indexing mechanism and table for K2V index
- [x] Make API handlers a bit more generic
- [x] K2V API endpoint
- [x] K2V API router
- [x] ReadItem
- [x] InsertItem
- [x] DeleteItem
- [x] PollItem
- [x] ReadIndex
- [x] InsertBatch
- [x] ReadBatch
- [x] DeleteBatch

**Testing:**

- [x] Just a simple Python script that does some requests to check visually that things are going right (does not contain parsing of results or assertions on returned values)
- [x] Actual tests:
  - [x] Adapt testing framework
  - [x] Simple test with InsertItem + ReadItem
  - [x] Test with several Insert/Read/DeleteItem + ReadIndex
  - [x] Test all combinations of return formats for ReadItem
  - [x] Test with ReadBatch, InsertBatch, DeleteBatch
  - [x] Test with PollItem
  - [x] Test error codes
- [ ] Fix most broken stuff
  - [x] test PollItem broken randomly
  - [x] when invalid causality tokens are given, errors should be 4xx not 5xx

**Improvements:**

- [x] Descending range queries
  - [x] Specify
  - [x] Implement
  - [x] Add test
- [x] Batch updates to index counter
- [x] Put K2V behind `k2v` feature flag

Co-authored-by: Alex Auvolat <alex@adnab.me>
Reviewed-on: https://git.deuxfleurs.fr/Deuxfleurs/garage/pulls/293
Co-authored-by: Alex <alex@adnab.me>
Co-committed-by: Alex <alex@adnab.me>

1 files changed, 0 insertions, 415 deletions

diff --git a/src/garage/tests/multipart.rs b/src/garage/tests/multipart.rs
deleted file mode 100644
index 895a2993..00000000
--- a/src/garage/tests/multipart.rs
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,415 +0,0 @@
-use crate::common;
-use aws_sdk_s3::model::{CompletedMultipartUpload, CompletedPart};
-use aws_sdk_s3::types::ByteStream;
-
-const SZ_5MB: usize = 5 * 1024 * 1024;
-const SZ_10MB: usize = 10 * 1024 * 1024;
-
-#[tokio::test]
-async fn test_uploadlistpart() {
-	let ctx = common::context();
-	let bucket = ctx.create_bucket("uploadpart");
-
-	let u1 = vec![0xee; SZ_5MB];
-	let u2 = vec![0x11; SZ_5MB];
-
-	let up = ctx
-		.client
-		.create_multipart_upload()
-		.bucket(&bucket)
-		.key("a")
-		.send()
-		.await
-		.unwrap();
-	let uid = up.upload_id.as_ref().unwrap();
-
-	assert!(up.upload_id.is_some());
-
-	{
-		let r = ctx
-			.client
-			.list_parts()
-			.bucket(&bucket)
-			.key("a")
-			.upload_id(uid)
-			.send()
-			.await
-			.unwrap();
-
-		assert!(r.parts.is_none());
-	}
-
-	let p1 = ctx
-		.client
-		.upload_part()
-		.bucket(&bucket)
-		.key("a")
-		.upload_id(uid)
-		.part_number(2)
-		.body(ByteStream::from(u1))
-		.send()
-		.await
-		.unwrap();
-
-	{
-		// ListPart on 1st element
-		let r = ctx
-			.client
-			.list_parts()
-			.bucket(&bucket)
-			.key("a")
-			.upload_id(uid)
-			.send()
-			.await
-			.unwrap();
-
-		let ps = r.parts.unwrap();
-		assert_eq!(ps.len(), 1);
-		let fp = ps.iter().find(|x| x.part_number == 2).unwrap();
-		assert!(fp.last_modified.is_some());
-		assert_eq!(
-			fp.e_tag.as_ref().unwrap(),
-			"\"3366bb9dcf710d6801b5926467d02e19\""
-		);
-		assert_eq!(fp.size, SZ_5MB as i64);
-	}
-
-	let p2 = ctx
-		.client
-		.upload_part()
-		.bucket(&bucket)
-		.key("a")
-		.upload_id(uid)
-		.part_number(1)
-		.body(ByteStream::from(u2))
-		.send()
-		.await
-		.unwrap();
-
-	{
-		// ListPart on the 2 elements
-		let r = ctx
-			.client
-			.list_parts()
-			.bucket(&bucket)
-			.key("a")
-			.upload_id(uid)
-			.send()
-			.await
-			.unwrap();
-
-		let ps = r.parts.unwrap();
-		assert_eq!(ps.len(), 2);
-		let fp = ps.iter().find(|x| x.part_number == 1).unwrap();
-		assert!(fp.last_modified.is_some());
-		assert_eq!(
-			fp.e_tag.as_ref().unwrap(),
-			"\"3c484266f9315485694556e6c693bfa2\""
-		);
-		assert_eq!(fp.size, SZ_5MB as i64);
-	}
-
-	{
-		// Call pagination
-		let r = ctx
-			.client
-			.list_parts()
-			.bucket(&bucket)
-			.key("a")
-			.upload_id(uid)
-			.max_parts(1)
-			.send()
-			.await
-			.unwrap();
-
-		assert!(r.part_number_marker.is_none());
-		assert!(r.next_part_number_marker.is_some());
-		assert_eq!(r.max_parts, 1_i32);
-		assert!(r.is_truncated);
-		assert_eq!(r.key.unwrap(), "a");
-		assert_eq!(r.upload_id.unwrap().as_str(), uid.as_str());
-		assert_eq!(r.parts.unwrap().len(), 1);
-
-		let r2 = ctx
-			.client
-			.list_parts()
-			.bucket(&bucket)
-			.key("a")
-			.upload_id(uid)
-			.max_parts(1)
-			.part_number_marker(r.next_part_number_marker.as_ref().unwrap())
-			.send()
-			.await
-			.unwrap();
-
-		assert_eq!(
-			r2.part_number_marker.as_ref().unwrap(),
-			r.next_part_number_marker.as_ref().unwrap()
-		);
-		assert_eq!(r2.max_parts, 1_i32);
-		assert!(r2.is_truncated);
-		assert_eq!(r2.key.unwrap(), "a");
-		assert_eq!(r2.upload_id.unwrap().as_str(), uid.as_str());
-		assert_eq!(r2.parts.unwrap().len(), 1);
-	}
-
-	let cmp = CompletedMultipartUpload::builder()
-		.parts(
-			CompletedPart::builder()
-				.part_number(1)
-				.e_tag(p2.e_tag.unwrap())
-				.build(),
-		)
-		.parts(
-			CompletedPart::builder()
-				.part_number(2)
-				.e_tag(p1.e_tag.unwrap())
-				.build(),
-		)
-		.build();
-
-	ctx.client
-		.complete_multipart_upload()
-		.bucket(&bucket)
-		.key("a")
-		.upload_id(uid)
-		.multipart_upload(cmp)
-		.send()
-		.await
-		.unwrap();
-
-	// The multipart upload must not appear anymore
-	assert!(ctx
-		.client
-		.list_parts()
-		.bucket(&bucket)
-		.key("a")
-		.upload_id(uid)
-		.send()
-		.await
-		.is_err());
-
-	{
-		// The object must appear as a regular object
-		let r = ctx
-			.client
-			.head_object()
-			.bucket(&bucket)
-			.key("a")
-			.send()
-			.await
-			.unwrap();
-
-		assert_eq!(r.content_length, (SZ_5MB * 2) as i64);
-	}
-}
-
-#[tokio::test]
-async fn test_uploadpartcopy() {
-	let ctx = common::context();
-	let bucket = ctx.create_bucket("uploadpartcopy");
-
-	let u1 = vec![0x11; SZ_10MB];
-	let u2 = vec![0x22; SZ_5MB];
-	let u3 = vec![0x33; SZ_5MB];
-	let u4 = vec![0x44; SZ_5MB];
-	let u5 = vec![0x55; SZ_5MB];
-
-	let overflow = 5500000 - SZ_5MB;
-	let mut exp_obj = u3.clone();
-	exp_obj.extend(&u4[500..]);
-	exp_obj.extend(&u5[..overflow + 1]);
-	exp_obj.extend(&u2);
-	exp_obj.extend(&u1[500..5500000 + 1]);
-
-	// (setup) Upload a single part object
-	ctx.client
-		.put_object()
-		.bucket(&bucket)
-		.key("source1")
-		.body(ByteStream::from(u1))
-		.send()
-		.await
-		.unwrap();
-
-	// (setup) Upload a multipart object with 2 parts
-	{
-		let up = ctx
-			.client
-			.create_multipart_upload()
-			.bucket(&bucket)
-			.key("source2")
-			.send()
-			.await
-			.unwrap();
-		let uid = up.upload_id.as_ref().unwrap();
-
-		let p1 = ctx
-			.client
-			.upload_part()
-			.bucket(&bucket)
-			.key("source2")
-			.upload_id(uid)
-			.part_number(1)
-			.body(ByteStream::from(u4))
-			.send()
-			.await
-			.unwrap();
-
-		let p2 = ctx
-			.client
-			.upload_part()
-			.bucket(&bucket)
-			.key("source2")
-			.upload_id(uid)
-			.part_number(2)
-			.body(ByteStream::from(u5))
-			.send()
-			.await
-			.unwrap();
-
-		let cmp = CompletedMultipartUpload::builder()
-			.parts(
-				CompletedPart::builder()
-					.part_number(1)
-					.e_tag(p1.e_tag.unwrap())
-					.build(),
-			)
-			.parts(
-				CompletedPart::builder()
-					.part_number(2)
-					.e_tag(p2.e_tag.unwrap())
-					.build(),
-			)
-			.build();
-
-		ctx.client
-			.complete_multipart_upload()
-			.bucket(&bucket)
-			.key("source2")
-			.upload_id(uid)
-			.multipart_upload(cmp)
-			.send()
-			.await
-			.unwrap();
-	}
-
-	// Our multipart object that does copy
-	let up = ctx
-		.client
-		.create_multipart_upload()
-		.bucket(&bucket)
-		.key("target")
-		.send()
-		.await
-		.unwrap();
-	let uid = up.upload_id.as_ref().unwrap();
-
-	let p3 = ctx
-		.client
-		.upload_part()
-		.bucket(&bucket)
-		.key("target")
-		.upload_id(uid)
-		.part_number(3)
-		.body(ByteStream::from(u2))
-		.send()
-		.await
-		.unwrap();
-
-	let p1 = ctx
-		.client
-		.upload_part()
-		.bucket(&bucket)
-		.key("target")
-		.upload_id(uid)
-		.part_number(1)
-		.body(ByteStream::from(u3))
-		.send()
-		.await
-		.unwrap();
-
-	let p2 = ctx
-		.client
-		.upload_part_copy()
-		.bucket(&bucket)
-		.key("target")
-		.upload_id(uid)
-		.part_number(2)
-		.copy_source("uploadpartcopy/source2")
-		.copy_source_range("bytes=500-5500000")
-		.send()
-		.await
-		.unwrap();
-
-	let p4 = ctx
-		.client
-		.upload_part_copy()
-		.bucket(&bucket)
-		.key("target")
-		.upload_id(uid)
-		.part_number(4)
-		.copy_source("uploadpartcopy/source1")
-		.copy_source_range("bytes=500-5500000")
-		.send()
-		.await
-		.unwrap();
-
-	let cmp = CompletedMultipartUpload::builder()
-		.parts(
-			CompletedPart::builder()
-				.part_number(1)
-				.e_tag(p1.e_tag.unwrap())
-				.build(),
-		)
-		.parts(
-			CompletedPart::builder()
-				.part_number(2)
-				.e_tag(p2.copy_part_result.unwrap().e_tag.unwrap())
-				.build(),
-		)
-		.parts(
-			CompletedPart::builder()
-				.part_number(3)
-				.e_tag(p3.e_tag.unwrap())
-				.build(),
-		)
-		.parts(
-			CompletedPart::builder()
-				.part_number(4)
-				.e_tag(p4.copy_part_result.unwrap().e_tag.unwrap())
-				.build(),
-		)
-		.build();
-
-	ctx.client
-		.complete_multipart_upload()
-		.bucket(&bucket)
-		.key("target")
-		.upload_id(uid)
-		.multipart_upload(cmp)
-		.send()
-		.await
-		.unwrap();
-
-	// (check) Get object
-
-	let obj = ctx
-		.client
-		.get_object()
-		.bucket(&bucket)
-		.key("target")
-		.send()
-		.await
-		.unwrap();
-
-	let real_obj = obj
-		.body
-		.collect()
-		.await
-		.expect("Error reading data")
-		.into_bytes();
-
-	assert_eq!(real_obj.len(), exp_obj.len());
-	assert_eq!(real_obj, exp_obj);
-}