Merge pull request 'Add a `mdbook` documentation to present garage and help user on-boarding' (#45) from feature/mdbook into master

Reviewed-on: https://git.deuxfleurs.fr/Deuxfleurs/garage/pulls/45

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+# Configure the daemon
+
+Garage is a software that can be run only in a cluster and requires at least 3 instances.
+In our getting started guide, we document two deployment types:
+  - [Test deployment](#test-deployment) though `docker-compose`
+  - [Real-world deployment](#real-world-deployment) through `docker` or `systemd`
+
+In any case, you first need to generate TLS certificates, as traffic is encrypted between Garage's nodes.
+
+## Generating a TLS Certificate
+
+To generate your TLS certificates, run on your machine:
+
+```
+wget https://git.deuxfleurs.fr/Deuxfleurs/garage/raw/branch/master/genkeys.sh
+chmod +x genkeys.sh
+./genkeys.sh
+```
+
+It will creates a folder named `pki` containing the keys that you will used for the cluster.
+
+## Test deployment
+
+Single machine deployment is only described through `docker-compose`.
+
+Before starting, we recommend you create a folder for our deployment:
+
+```bash
+mkdir garage-single
+cd garage-single
+```
+
+We start by creating a file named `docker-compose.yml` describing our network and our containers:
+
+```yml
+version: '3.4'
+
+networks: { virtnet: { ipam: { config: [ subnet: 172.20.0.0/24 ]}}}
+
+services:
+  g1:
+    image: lxpz/garage_amd64:v0.1.1d
+    networks: { virtnet: { ipv4_address: 172.20.0.101 }}
+    volumes:
+      - "./pki:/pki"
+      - "./config.toml:/garage/config.toml"
+
+  g2:
+    image: lxpz/garage_amd64:v0.1.1d
+    networks: { virtnet: { ipv4_address: 172.20.0.102 }}
+    volumes:
+      - "./pki:/pki"
+      - "./config.toml:/garage/config.toml"
+
+  g3:
+    image: lxpz/garage_amd64:v0.1.1d
+    networks: { virtnet: { ipv4_address: 172.20.0.103 }}
+    volumes:
+      - "./pki:/pki"
+      - "./config.toml:/garage/config.toml"
+```
+
+*We define a static network here which is not considered as a best practise on Docker.
+The rational is that Garage only supports IP address and not domain names in its configuration, so we need to know the IP address in advance.*
+
+and then create the `config.toml` file next to it as follow:
+
+```toml
+metadata_dir = "/garage/meta"
+data_dir = "/garage/data"
+rpc_bind_addr = "[::]:3901"
+bootstrap_peers = [
+  "172.20.0.101:3901",
+  "172.20.0.102:3901",
+  "172.20.0.103:3901",
+]
+
+[rpc_tls]
+ca_cert = "/pki/garage-ca.crt"
+node_cert = "/pki/garage.crt"
+node_key = "/pki/garage.key"
+
+[s3_api]
+s3_region = "garage"
+api_bind_addr = "[::]:3900"
+
+[s3_web]
+bind_addr = "[::]:3902"
+root_domain = ".web.garage"
+index = "index.html"
+```
+
+*Please note that we have not mounted `/garage/meta` or `/garage/data` on the host: data will be lost when the container will be destroyed.*
+
+And that's all, you are ready to launch your cluster!
+
+```
+sudo docker-compose up
+```
+
+While your daemons are up, your cluster is still not configured yet.
+However, you can check that your services are still listening as expected by querying them from your host:
+
+```bash
+curl http://172.20.0.{101,102,103}:3902
+```
+
+which should give you:
+
+```
+Not found
+Not found
+Not found
+```
+
+That's all, you are ready to [configure your cluster!](./cluster.md).
+
+## Real-world deployment
+
+Before deploying garage on your infrastructure, you must inventory your machines.
+For our example, we will suppose the following infrastructure:
+
+| Location | Name    | IP Address | Disk Space |
+|----------|---------|------------|------------|
+| Paris    | Mercury | fc00:1::1  | 1 To       |
+| Paris    | Venus   | fc00:1::2  | 2 To       |
+| London   | Earth   | fc00:1::2  | 2 To       |
+| Brussels | Mars    | fc00:B::1  | 1.5 To     |
+
+On each machine, we will have a similar setup, especially you must consider the following folders/files:
+  - `/etc/garage/pki`: Garage certificates, must be generated on your computer and copied on the servers
+  - `/etc/garage/config.toml`: Garage daemon's configuration (defined below)
+  - `/etc/systemd/system/garage.service`: Service file to start garage at boot automatically (defined below, not required if you use docker)
+  - `/var/lib/garage/meta`: Contains Garage's metadata, put this folder on a SSD if possible
+  - `/var/lib/garage/data`: Contains Garage's data, this folder will grows and must be on a large storage, possibly big HDDs.
+
+A valid `/etc/garage/config.toml` for our cluster would be:
+
+```toml
+metadata_dir = "/var/lib/garage/meta"
+data_dir = "/var/lib/garage/data"
+rpc_bind_addr = "[::]:3901"
+bootstrap_peers = [
+  "[fc00:1::1]:3901",
+  "[fc00:1::2]:3901",
+  "[fc00:B::1]:3901",
+  "[fc00:F::1]:3901",
+]
+
+[rpc_tls]
+ca_cert = "/etc/garage/pki/garage-ca.crt"
+node_cert = "/etc/garage/pki/garage.crt"
+node_key = "/etc/garage/pki/garage.key"
+
+[s3_api]
+s3_region = "garage"
+api_bind_addr = "[::]:3900"
+
+[s3_web]
+bind_addr = "[::]:3902"
+root_domain = ".web.garage"
+index = "index.html"
+```
+
+Please make sure to change `bootstrap_peers` to **your** IP addresses!
+
+### For docker users
+
+On each machine, you can run the daemon with:
+
+```bash
+docker run \
+  -d \
+  --name garaged \
+  --restart always \
+  --network host \
+  -v /etc/garage/pki:/etc/garage/pki \
+  -v /etc/garage/config.toml:/garage/config.toml \
+  -v /var/lib/garage/meta:/var/lib/garage/meta \
+  -v /var/lib/garage/data:/var/lib/garage/data \
+  lxpz/garage_amd64:v0.1.1d
+```
+
+It should be restart automatically at each reboot.
+Please note that we use host networking as otherwise Docker containers can no communicate with IPv6.
+
+To upgrade, simply stop and remove this container and start again the command with a new version of garage.
+
+### For systemd/raw binary users
+
+Create a file named `/etc/systemd/system/garage.service`:
+
+```toml
+[Unit]
+Description=Garage Data Store
+After=network-online.target
+Wants=network-online.target
+
+[Service]
+Environment='RUST_LOG=garage=info' 'RUST_BACKTRACE=1'
+ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/garage server -c /etc/garage/config.toml
+
+[Install]
+WantedBy=multi-user.target
+```
+
+To start the service then automatically enable it at boot:
+
+```bash
+sudo systemctl start garage
+sudo systemctl enable garage
+```
+
+To see if the service is running and to browse its logs:
+
+```bash
+sudo systemctl status garage
+sudo journalctl -u garage
+```
+
+If you want to modify the service file, do not forget to run `systemctl daemon-reload`
+to inform `systemd` of your modifications.